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YAWS.CONF(5) User Commands YAWS.CONF(5)
NAME
/etc/yaws/yaws.conf - Configuration file for the yaws web server
DESCRIPTION
Yaws is fast lightweight web server. It reads a configuration file
called yaws.conf to control its operations. The configuration contains
two distinct parts a global part which affects all the virtual hosts
and a server part where options for each virtual host is supplied.
GLOBAL PART
logdir = Directory
All yaws logs will be written to files in this directory. There
are several different log files written by yaws.
report.log - this is a text file that contains all error logger
printouts from yaws.
Host.access - for each virtual host served by yaws, a file
Host.access will be written which contains an access log in Com-
mon Log Format.
trace.http - this file contains the HTTP trace if that is
enabled
auth.log - If configured, all http auth related messages goes
here.
trace.traffic - this file contains the traffic trace if that is
enabled
The default value for logdir is "."
ebin_dir = Directory
This directive adds Directory to the Erlang search path. It is
possible to have several of these command in the configuration
file. The default value is "yaws_dir"/examples/ebin
id = String
It is possible run multiple yaws servers on the same machine. We
use the id of a yaws server to control it using the different
control commands such as:
# /usr/local/bin/yaws --id foobar --stop
To stop the Yaws server with id "foobar". Each Yaws server will
write its internals data into a file called $HOME/.yaws/yaws/ID
where ID the identity of the server. Yaws also creates a file
called ${VARDIR}/run/yaws/ctl-${ID} which contain the port num-
ber where the server is listening for control commands. The
default id is "default".
include_dir = Directory
This directive adds Directory to the path of directories where
the Erlang compiler searches for include files. We need to use
this if we want to include .hrl files in our yaws Erlang code.
The default value is "yaws_dir"/examples/include.
max_num_cached_files = Integer
Yaws will cache small files such as commonly accessed GIF images
in RAM. This directive sets a maximum number on the number of
cached files. The default value is 400.
max_num_cached_bytes = Integer
This directive controls the total amount of RAM which can maxi-
mally be used for cached RAM files. The default value is
1000000, 1 megabyte.
max_size_cached_file = Integer
This directive sets a maximum size on the files that are RAM
cached by yaws. The default value i 8000, 8 kBytes.
cache_refresh_secs = Integer
The RAM cache is used to serve pages that sit in the cache. An
entry sits in cache at most cache_refresh_secs number of sec-
onds. The default is 30. This means that when the content is
updated under the docroot, that change doesn't show until 30
seconds have passed. While developing a yaws site, it may be
convenient to set this value to 0. If the debug flag (-d) is
passed to the yaws start script, this value is automatically set
to 0.
trace = false | traffic | http
This enables traffic or http tracing. Tracing is also possible
to enable with a command line flag to yaws. Default is false.
use_old_ssl = true | false
This re-enables the old OTP ssl implementation. By default we
use the new ssl implementation.
auth_log = true | false
Enable or disable the auth log. Default is true.
max_connections = nolimit | <int>
Set this value to control the maximum number of connections from
HTTP clients into the server. This is implemented by closing the
last socket if the limit threshold is reached.
log_wrap_size = Integer
The logs written by yaws are all wrap logs, the default value at
the size where they wrap around and the original gets renamed to
File.old is 1000000, 1 megabyte. This value can changed.
If we set the value to 0 the logs will never wrap. If we want to
use Yaws in combination with a more traditional log wrapper such
as logrotate, set the size to 0 and Yaws will reopen the log-
files once they have be renamed/removed.
log_resolve_hostname = true | false
By default the client host IP is not resolved in the access
logs.
fail_on_bind_err = true | false
Fail completely or not if yaws fails to bind a listen socket
Default is true.
enable_soap = true | false
If true, a soap server will be started at startup of Yaws.
Default is false.
soap_srv_mods = ListOfModuleSetting
If enable_soap is true, a startup yaws will invoke
yaws_soap_srv:setup() to setup modules set here. ModuleSetting
is either a triad like <Mod, HandlerFunc, WsdlFile> or a quadru-
ple form like <Mod, HandlerFunc, WsdlFile, Prefix> which speci-
fies the prefix. A prefix will be used as argument of
yaws_soap_lib:initModel() and then be used as a XML namespace
prefix. Note, the WsdlFile here should be an absolute-path file
in local file systems.
For example, we can specify
soap_srv_mods=<Mod1, HandlerFunc, WsdlFile1><Mod2, Handler-
Func, WsdlFile2, SpecifiedPrefix>...
php_exe_path = Path
The name of (and possibly path to) the php executable used to
interpret php scripts (if allowed). Default is php_exe_path =
php-cgi.
copy_error_log = true | false
Enable or disable copying of the error log. When we run in
embedded mode, there may very well be some other systems process
that is responsible for writing the errorlog to a file whereas
when we run in normal standalone mode, we typically want the
Erlang errorlog written to a report.log file. Default value is
true.
runmod = ModuleName
At startup yaws will invoke ModuleName:start() in a separate
process. It is possible to have several runmods. This is useful
if we want to reuse the yaws startup shell script for our own
application.
pick_first_virthost_on_nomatch = true | false
When Yaws gets a request, it extracts the Host: header from the
client request to choose a virtual server amongst all servers
with the same IP/Port pair. This configuration parameter
decides whether yaws should pick the first (as defined in the
yaws.conf file) if no name match or not. In real live hosting
scenarios we typically want this to be false whereas in test-
ing/development scenarios it may be convenient to set it to
true. Default is true.
use_fdsrv = true | false
This feature makes it possible to bind to ports < 1024 even when
we're not running as root. It requires the Jungerl package
called fd_server to be properly installed. The feature doesn't
work with SSL. Default is false. The use of fdsrv is not
encouraged, see http://yaws.hyber.org/privbind.yaws
subconfig = File
Load specified config file.
subconfigdir = Directory
Load all config file in specified directory.
SERVER PART
Yaws can virthost several web servers on the same IP address as well as
several web servers on different IP addresses. This includes SSL
servers. Each virtual host is defined within a matching pair of
<server ServerName> and </server>. The ServerName will be the name of
the webserver.
The following directives are allowed inside a server definition.
port = Port
This makes the server listen on Port. Default is 8000.
listen = IpAddress
This makes the server listen on IpAddress When virthosting sev-
eral servers on the same ip/port address, if the browser doesn't
send a Host: field, yaws will pick the first server specified in
the config file. If the specified ip address is 0.0.0.0 yaws
will listen on all local IP addresses on the specified port.
Default is 0.0.0.0.
listen_backlog = Integer
This sets the TCP listen backlog for the server to define the
maximum length the queue of pending connections may grow to. The
default is the same as the default provided by gen_tcp:listen/2,
which is 5.
rhost = Host[:Port]
This forces all local redirects issued by the server to go to
Host. This is useful when yaws listens to a port which is dif-
ferent from the port that the user connects to. For example,
running yaws as a non-privileged user makes it impossible to
listen to port 80, since that port can only be opened by a priv-
ileged user. Instead yaws listens to a high port number port,
8000, and iptables are used to redirect traffic to port 80 to
port 8000 (most NAT:ing firewalls will also do this for you).
rscheme = http | https
This forces all local redirects issued by the server to use this
method. This is useful when an SSL off-loader, or stunnel, is
used in front of yaws.
access_log = true | false
Setting this directive to false turns of traffic logging for
this virtual server. The default value is true.
dir_listings = true | true_nozip | false
Setting this directive to false disallows the automatic dir
listing feature of Yaws. A status code 403 Forbidden will be
sent. Set to true_nozip to avoid the auto-generated all.zip
entries. Default is false.
extra_cgi_vars = .....
Add additional CGI or FastCGI variables. For example:
<extra_cgi_vars dir='/path/to/some/scripts'>
var = val
</extra_cgi_vars>
statistics = true | false
Turns on/off statistics gathering for a virtual server. Default
is false.
fcgi_app_server = Host:Port
The hostname and TCP port number of the FastCGI aplication
server. The TCP port number is not optional. There is no
default value.
fcgi_trace_protocol = true | false
Enable or disable tracing of FastCGI protocol messages as info
log messages. Disabled by default.
fcgi_log_app_error = true | false
Enable or disable logging of application error messages: output
to stderr and non-zero exit value. Disabled by default.
deflate = true | false
Turns on or off deflate compression for a server. Default is
false.
docroot = Directory ...
This makes the server serve all its content from Directory.
It is possible to pass a space separated list of directories as
docroot. If this is the case, the various directories will be
searched in order for the requested file. This also works with
the ssi and yssi constructs where the full list of directories
will be searched for files to ssi/yssi include.
partial_post_size = Integer | nolimit
When a yaws file receives large POSTs, the amount of data
received in each chunk is determined by the this parameter. The
deafult value is 10240.
dav = true | false
Turns on the DAV protocol for this server. The dav support in
yaws is highly limited. If dav is turned on, .yaws processing of
.yaws pages is turned off. Default is false. Setting it to
nolimit is potentially dangerous. There is a hardcoded timeout
on POST reads at 30 seconds. If the read is not done within the
timeout, the POST will fail.
tilde_expand = true|false
If this value is set to false yaws will never do tilde expan-
sion. The default is false. tilde_expansion is the mechanism
whereby a URL on the form http://www.foo.com/~username is
changed into a request where the docroot for that particular
request is set to the directory ~username/public_html/ Default
is false.
allowed_scripts = ListOfSuffixes
The allowed script types for this server. Recognized are
`yaws', `cgi', `fcgi', `php'. Default is allowed_scripts = yaws
php cgi fcgi .
Note: for fcgi scripts, the FastCGI application server is only
called if a local file with the .fcgi extension exists. However,
the contents of the local .fcgi file are ignored.
tilde_allowed_scripts = ListOfSuffixes
The allowed script types for this server when executing files in
a users public_html folder Recognized are `yaws', `cgi',
`fcgi', `php'. Default is tilde_allowed_scripts = i.e. empty
appmods = ListOfModuleNames
If any the names in ListOfModuleNames appear as components in
the path for a request, the path request parsing will terminate
and that module will be called. There is also an alternate syn-
tax for specifying the appmods if we don't want our internal
erlang module names to be exposed in the URL paths. We can
specify
appmods = <Path1, Module1> <Path2, Modules2> ...
Assume for example that we have the URL
http://www.hyber.org/myapp/foo/bar/baz?user=joe while we have
the module foo defined as an appmod, the function foo:out(Arg)
will be invoked instead of searching the filesystems below the
point foo.
The Arg argument will have the missing path part supplied in its
appmoddata field.
It is also possible to exclude certain directories from appmod
processing. This is particulaly interesting for '/' appmods.
Here is an example:
appmods = </, myapp exclude_paths icons js top/static>
The above configuration will invoke the 'myapp' erlang module on
everything except any file found in directories, 'icons', 'js'
and 'top/static' relative to the docroot.
errormod_404 = Module
It is possible to set a special module that handles 404 Not
Found messages.
The function Module:out404(Arg, GC, SC) will be invoked. The
arguments are
Arg is a #arg{} record
GC is a #gconf{} record (defined in yaws.hrl)
SC is a #sconf{} record (defined in yaws.hrl)
The function can and must do the same things that a normal out/1
does.
errormod_401 = Module
It is possible to set a special module that handles 401 Unautho-
rized messages. This can for example be used to display a login
page instead.
The function Module:out401(Arg) will be invoked. The arguments
are
Arg is a #arg{} record
The function can and must do the same things that a normal out/1
does.
errormod_crash = Module
It is possible to set a special module that handles the HTML
generation of server crash messages. The default is to display
the entire formated crash message in the browser. This is good
for debugging but not in production.
The function Module:crashmsg(Arg, SC, Str) will be called. The
Str is the real crash message formated as a string.
The function must return, {content,MimeType,Cont} or {html, Str}
or {ehtml, Term}. That data will be shipped to the client.
arg_rewrite_mod = Module
It is possible to install a module that rewrites all the Arg
#arg{} records at an early stage in the yaws server. This can
be used to do various things such as checking a cookie, rewrit-
ing paths etc.
start_mod = Module
Defines a user provided callback module. At startup of the
server, Module:start/1 will be called. The #sconf{} record
(defined in yaws.hrl) will be used as the input argument. This
makes it possible for a user application to syncronize the
startup with the yaws server as well as getting hold of user
specific configuration data, see the explanation for the
<opaque> context.
revproxy = Prefix Url
Make yaws a reverse proxy. The Prefix is a path inside our own
docroot and the Url argument is an url pointing to a website we
want to "mount" under the path which is Prefix.
Example: revproxy = /tmp/foo http://yaws.hyber.org
Makes the hyber website appear under /tmp/foo
It is possible to have multiple reverse proxies inside the same
server.
WARNING, this feature is yet not in production quality.
fwdproxy = true|false
Make yaws a forward proxy. By enabling this option you can use
yaws as a proxy for outgoing web traffic, typically by configur-
ing the proxy settings in a web-browser to explicitly target
yaws as its proxy server.
WARNING, this feature is yet not in production quality.
servername = Name
If we're virthosting everal servers and want to force a server
to match specific Host: headers we can do this with the "server-
name" directive. This name doesn't necessarily have to be the
same as the the name inside <server Name> in certain NAT scenar-
ios. Rarely used feature.
<ssl> .... </ssl>
This begins and ends an SSL configuration for this server. It's
possible to virthost several SSL servers on the same IP given
that they all share the same certificate configuration. In gen-
eral it is complicated to virthost several SSL servers on the
same IP address since the certificate is typically bound to a
domainname in the common name part of the certificate. One
solution (the only?) to this problem is to have a certificate
with multiple subjectAltNames. See http://wiki.cacert.org/Vhost-
TaskForce#Interoperability_Test
keyfile = File
Specifies which file contains the private key for the certifi-
cate. If not specified then the certificate file will be used.
certfile = File
Specifies which file contains the certificate for the server.
cacertfile = File
A file containing trusted certificates to use during client
authentication and to use when attempting to build the server
certificate chain. The list is also used in the list of accept-
able client CAs passed to the client when a certificate is
requested.
verify = 1 | 2 | 3
Specifies the level of verification the server does on client
certs. 1 means nothing, 2 means the the server will ask the
client for a cert but not fail if the client does not supply a
client cert, 3 means that the server requires the client to sup-
ply a client cert.
depth = Int
Specifies the depth of certificate chains the server is prepared
to follow when verifying client certs. For the OTP new ssl
implementation it is also used to specify how far the server,
i.e. we, shall follow the SSL certificates we present to the
clients. Hence, using self signed certs, we typically need to
set this to 0.
password = String
String If the private key is encrypted on disc, this password is
the 3Dee key to decrypt it.
ciphers = String
This string specifies the SSL cipher string. The syntax of the
SSL cipher string is a little horrible sublanguage of its own.
It is documented in the ssl man page for "ciphers".
</ssl>
Ends an SSL definition
<redirect> ... </redirect>
Defines a redirect mapping. The following items are allowed
within a matching pair of <redirect> and </redirect> delimiters.
We can have a series of
Path = URL or
Path = file
All accesses to Path will be redirected to URL/Path or
alternatively to scheme:host:port/file/Path if a file is used.
Note that the original path is appended to the redirected url.
So if we for example have:
<redirect>
/foo = http://www.mysite.org/zapp
/bar = /tomato.html
</redirect>
Asumming this config resides on a site called http://abc.com, We
have the following redirects:
http://abc.com/foo -> http://www.mysite.org/zapp/foo
http://abc.com/foo/test -> http://www.mysite.org/zapp/foo/test
http://abc.com/bar -> http://abc.com/bar
http://abc.com/bar/x/y/z -> http://abc.com/bar/x/y/z
Sometimes we do not want to have the original path appended to
the redirected path. To get that behaviour we specify the config
with '==' instead of '='.
<redirect>
/foo == http://www.mysite.org/zapp
/bar = /tomato.html </redirect>
Now a request for http://abc.com/foo/x/y/z simply gets redi-
rected to http://www.mysite.org/zapp. This is typically used
when we simply want a static redirect at some place in the doc-
root.
When we specify a file as target for the redirect, the redir
will be to the current http(s) server.
<auth> ... </auth>
Defines an auth structure. The following items are allowed
within a matching pair of <auth> and </auth> delimiters.
dir = Dir
Makes Dir to be controlled bu WWW-authenticate headers. In order
for a user to have access to WWW-Authenticate controled direc-
tory, the user must supply a password. The Dir must be specified
relative to the docroot.
realm = Realm
In the directory defined here, the WWW-Authenticate Realm is set
to this value.
authmod = AuthMod
If an auth module is defined then AuthMod:auth(Arg, Auth) will
be called for all access to the directory. The auth/2 function
should return one of: true, false, {false, Realm}, {appmod,
Mod}. If {appmod, Mod} is returned then a call to Mod:out(Arg)
will be used to deliver the content.
This can, for example, be used to implement cookie authentica-
tion. The auth() callback would check if a valid cookie header
is present, if not it would return {appmod, ?MODULE} and the
out/1 function in the same module would return {redirect_local,
"/login.html"}.
user = User:Password
Inside this directory, the user User has access if the user sup-
plies the password Password in the popup dialogue presented by
the browser. We can obviously have several of these value
inside a single <auth> </auth> pair.
The usage of User:Password in the actual config file is depre-
cated as of release 1.51. It is preferred to have the users in a
file called .yaws_auth in the actual directory. The .yaws_auth
file has to be file parseable by file:consult/1
Each row of the file must contain terms on the form
{User, Password}.
Where both User and Password should be strings. The .yaws_auth
file mechanism is not (yet) recursive. Thus any subdirectories
to Dir are not automatically also protected.
The .yaws_auth file is never visible in a dir listing
pam service = pam-service
If the item pam is part of the auth structure, Yaws will also
try to authenticate the user using "pam" using the pam service
indicated. Usual services are typically found under /etc/pam.d.
Usual values are "system-auth" etc.
pam authentication is performed by an Erlang port program which
is typically installed as suid root by the yaws install script.
</auth>
Ends an auth definition
<opaque> .... </opaque>
This begins and ends an opaque configuration context for this
server, where 'Key = Value' directives can be specified. These
directives are ignored by yaws (hence the name opaque), but can
be accessed as a list of tuples {Key,Value} stored in the
#sconf.opaque record entry. See also the description of the
start_mod directive.
This mechanism can be used to pass data from a surrounding
application into the individual .yaws pages.
EXAMPLES
The following example defines a single server on port 80.
logdir = /var/log/yaws
<server www.mydomain.org>
port = 80
listen = 192.168.128.31
docroot = /var/yaws/www
</server>
And this example shows a similar setup but two web servers on the same
IP address
logdir = /var/log/yaws
<server www.mydomain.org>
port = 80
listen = 192.168.128.31
docroot = /var/yaws/www
</server>
<server www.funky.org>
port = 80
listen = 192.168.128.31
docroot = /var/yaws/www_funky_org
</server>
An example with www-authenticate and no access logging at all.
logdir = /var/log/yaws
<server www.mydomain.org>
port = 80
listen = 192.168.128.31
docroot = /var/yaws/www
access_log = false
<auth>
dir = secret/dir1
realm = foobar
user = jonny:verysecretpwd
user = benny:thequestion
user = ronny:havinganamethatendswithy
</auth>
</server>
An example specifying a user defined module to be called
at startup, as well as some user specific configuration.
<server www.funky.org>
port = 80
listen = 192.168.128.31
docroot = /var/yaws/www_funky_org
start_mod = btt
<opaque>
mydbdir = /tmp
mylogdir = /tmp/log
</opaque>
</server>
An example specifying the GSSAPI/SPNEGO module (authmod_gssapi) to be
used for authentication. This module requires egssapi version 0.1~pre2
or later available at http://www.hem.za.org/egssapi/.
The Kerberos5 keytab is specified as 'keytab = File' directive in
opaque. This keytab should contain the keys of the HTTP service princi-
pal, 'HTTP/www.funky.org' in this example.
<server www.funky.org>
port = 80
listen = 192.168.128.31
docroot = /var/yaws/www_funky_org
start_mod = authmod_gssapi
<auth>
authmod = authmod_gssapi
dir = secret/dir1
</auth>
<opaque>
keytab = /etc/yaws/http.keytab
</opaque>
</server>
And finally a slightly more complex example with two servers on the
same IP, and one SSL server on a different IP.
When there are more than one server on the same IP, and they have dif-
ferent names the server must be able to choose one of them if the
client doesn't send a Host: header. yaws will choose the first one
defined in the conf file.
logdir = /var/log/yaws
max_num_cached_files = 8000
max_num_cached_bytes = 6000000
<server www.mydomain.org>
port = 80
listen = 192.168.128.31
docroot = /var/yaws/www
</server>
<server www.funky.org>
port = 80
listen = 192.168.128.31
docroot = /var/yaws/www_funky_org
</server>
<server www.funky.org>
port = 443
listen = 192.168.128.32
docroot = /var/yaws/www_funky_org
<ssl>
keyfile = /etc/funky.key
certfile = /etc/funky.cert
password = gazonk
</ssl>
</server>
Finally an example with virtual directories, vdirs.
<server server.domain>
port = 80
listen = 192.168.128.31
docroot = /var/yaws/www
arg_rewrite_mod = yaws_vdir
<opaque>
vdir = "/virtual1/ /usr/local/somewhere/notrelated/to/main/docroot"
vdir = "/myapp/ /some/other/path can include/spaces"
vdir = "/icons/ /usr/local/www/yaws/icons"
</opaque>
</server>
The first defined vdir can then be accessed at or under
http://server.domain/virtual1/ or http://server.domain/virtual1
AUTHOR
Written by Claes Wikstrom
SEE ALSO
yaws(1) erl(1)
YAWS.CONF(5)
